AMFIARAION – MAVROSOUVALA

The area between Markopoulo Oropos, Kalamos, and Malakasa encompasses a large pine forest, known as the “Mavrosouvála Forest.” Its name comes from gypsum mines (in Arvanitic, “souvala” means gypsum), which operated here from the late 19th century until World War II, producing charcoal and black gypsum.

A dense network of dirt roads has been carved into the area, ideal for cycling exploration throughout the year. Along the route, the trail passes through lush slopes and surprises, including a hidden waterfall with a large basin for a magical dip, the distinctive Technological Museum “Phaethon,” and the beautiful archaeological site of Amphiaraion, dedicated to the chthonic god Amphiaraos.

This “gentleman” was born in Argos, son of Oicles and Hypermnistra, and grandson of Melampus, the first seer and psychotherapist of the ancient world. In his youth, Amphiaraos took part in the Argonautic Expedition and the Calydonian Boar hunt, eventually claiming the throne of Argos.

Avoiding distractions and unknown young women, he married his sister Eriphyle. When the Argive expedition against Thebes was decided to claim a kingdom that did not belong to them, Amphiaraos foresaw the injustice, predicted defeat, and refused to participate. Yet, the cunning Eriphyle tricked him into joining. As he predicted, the battle was lost. Just before receiving a deadly blow, Zeus struck with lightning, opened a great chasm, and the hero escaped! Zeus, famous for his generosity, granted him immortality and made him a prophet, a rare honor for a mortal. Among the twelve sanctuaries dedicated to him in classical times, the Amphiaraion of Oropos was the most significant.

The starting point is the Church of Saint Athanasios in the center of Markopoulo Oropos. The route heads north toward Skala Oropos and then east toward Kalamos. After visiting Amphiaraion, the route enters the heart of the forest, passes the tallest waterfall in Attica, and reaches the Technological Museum “Phaethon.”

This lesser-known museum hosts notable collections, including classic cars and clocks. The route continues along one of the most beautiful dirt roads in Attica, passable yet overgrown, with stunning views of Dirfys, leading to the stream and impressive rocks of Mavrosouvála.

In the final kilometers, the dirt road passes through the settlement of Agia Varvara and ends at Neo Livyssio, with a final uphill paved section returning to the starting point. The dirt roads are navigable (except for a steep initial descent), particularly scenic in the second half, while the steepest climbs are paved. The route does not require advanced technical skills.